Nā manaʻo no nā kānaka KAHAKAʻO - nā hopohopo no KITCHEN a me CAKES
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH 1
I ko lākou ola mahiʻai kuʻuna, pono mau ka poʻe o Vietnam e kū mau me nā cataclysms, nā kaiāulu ... me ka ʻole o nā kaua ... No kēlā kumu, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana e hauʻoli i ka hauʻoli a lawe ʻia Tetele manawa, ka Wiekanama pono ʻike pehea e hoʻolako ai i nā mea āpau ... ʻAʻole hoihoi kēia mau hopohopo i ka nānā o nā mea noiʻi Nā haʻawina Vietnamese e like me ka huna ʻia ma ka ola maʻamau o ka Vietnam. I ko mākou wā i kēia manawa, ma lalo o nā maka o ka mea noiʻi H. Oger, pono e hōʻike i nā mea āpau i ka mālamalama.
Nā hopohopo no CHICKEN a me CAKES
Ma mua o ke komo ʻana i ka hale, pono mākou e kū iki ma ke alo o ka puka e nānā i nā a puni. ʻO ia nō ka mea a mākou e mākaukau ai e hoʻokipa Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou. ^ E Ha yM. Pono mākou e lawe maʻalahi me ka ahonui a ʻike mākou pehea e kali ai a hauʻoli i nā lā ma mua o kahi ʻano nui nui loa.
ʻO ka mea mua a mākou e hahai ai HENRI OGER e kipa pono i ka ʻohana. ʻO kā mākou kumu nui, ʻaʻole ia e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hana o ka ʻohana i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka hale a i ʻole ka mea i kūʻai ʻia e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka ʻahaʻaina. ʻO ko mākou makemake e nānā i nā moa moa ʻohana a puʻu paha no ka ʻohana (Fig 4)
No nā Vietnamese, ʻoiai Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou 'tolelo ʻia e nānā ʻia no nā lā ʻekolu wale nō, ʻoiai, ʻo ka mākaukau hana ia no ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. ʻOhi a puaʻa ala ʻia ka wā e ulu lākou a ulu a hiki i ka wā o Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou. ^ E Ha yM. No kā ʻohana hiki ke hana bhanh chưng (pahu keke i hana ʻia i ka laiki pulupulu, hua ʻala a me ka puaʻa, a kāʻei ʻia me nā lau o ka lāʻau maranta) pono lākou e hoʻomākaukau i ka laiki ʻai, ka pīni ʻōmaʻomaʻo ... mai ka mua o Kēkēmapa. ʻOiai nā lau maranta, hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia nā lipine ʻohe, ʻaʻole kali a hiki i kekahi mau lā ma mua Hōʻike Hou makahiki. ^ E Ha yM. Pehea lākou e hoʻomākaukau ai i kēia mau mea? No ka poʻe i loaʻa ka māla i ka ʻāina no ka māla ʻana, pono lākou e hōʻiliʻili i ka lau mau makahiki i hāʻule i ka makahiki āpau a mālama iā lākou ma luna o kā lākou moʻowaena i ka kīhini no ka ʻake ʻana. giō (puaʻa a iʻa paha)!
E pili ana i ka hana ʻana i nā pōpō huinahā, kēlā mau ʻohana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wahī ʻana i nā pōpō me nā lau maranta i hoʻolapalapa ʻia, ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa maikaʻi ʻia ʻana o nā lau, hoʻopaʻa paʻa iā lākou a puni nā kia o ka hale no ka hoʻohana maʻalahi. No kēlā ʻohana makemake i ka palaoa i wahī ʻia me nā lau hou (kau lau ʻole) i mea e mālama ai i ka keke i koho ʻia, hele mai lākou e kūʻai i nā lau kūpono mai ka waena waena o Dekemaba me ka piʻi pinepine ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā lau o ka maranta ma nā lā o hope o ka makahiki.
E pili ana i ka pā o ka "bhanh chưng"(keke kehi paka pulina) ke ʻano o ka pōpō i hiki ʻole ke holoi ʻia ma ka 3 la o ka Vietnamese kuʻuna ʻẾ.
ka "ʻO Bánh chưng”Pono e 2 mau mea nui: lāʻau kūleʻa a me ka puaʻa. Ma ka'āina i ke Komohana, i waena o nā mea ʻuʻukuao"(kahi hapaʻumi o kahi maãu a i ʻole ma kahi o ka 360 a i ka 400 mika) nā māla i hoʻohana ʻia no ka kanu ʻana i ka laiki, ua mālama ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻohana e mālama i kekahi mau huaʻai e kanu ai i ka laiki pulupulu.Laau. 5).
Akā, ʻo ka māla papalapa i koho ʻia ʻo ka ʻuala palalula pua a i ʻole ka mea ʻala ʻalani e like me nā ʻalā like me ia e hoʻohālikelike ai i kahi ʻuala i hana pinepine ʻia. ʻO ka puaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pōpō, ʻo ia kahi o nā puaʻa i momona ʻia mai ka lā 7 a i ʻole 8 mau mahina ʻala. Hoʻomaka kekahi poʻe ʻike mua i ka momona ʻana i kā lākou puaʻa mai ka hapalima o ka malama kaona e kau ai lākou iā lākou i hoʻokahi haneli kilima ma Tết.
Ma nā kuaʻāina ma ka ʻĀkau, aia he mau ʻohana nona nā lālā he limahana, nā mea kālepa, nā mea kūʻai aku… ʻaʻohe mea nāna e mālama i nā māla laiki, e momona ai nā puaʻa, no laila pono lākou e ʻākoakoa he ʻelima a ʻohana paha ʻohana e hana i kekahi ʻano hui liʻiliʻi (ʻo ka ʻōlelo maʻamau ma Vietnamese ʻo “đánh đụng"ʻOi ka make a kaʻana) Kāhea i ka "Hội bánh chưng"(Hōʻuluʻulu no ka kaʻana i kahi kekā glutinous square), "Hội giō"(Association no ka kaʻana like meʻa). ʻO ka mea e mālama i kēlā ʻano ʻoihana liʻiliʻi e hōʻiliʻili, e like me nā koi o kēlā me kēia ʻohana, he ʻāpana nui a i ʻole ke kālā kālā e hoʻonāukiuki i nā puaʻa, kanu i ka laiki a kūʻai ʻole paha. No laila, hiki mai ʻo Tết, ua lawa ka hui liʻiliʻi a me ka puaʻa e hana i nā pā ʻalapula gūkula a me nā ʻiʻo ʻai no kāna mau lālā.
E pili ana i nā lako kumuhana ʻē aʻe e like me nā pīpī iʻa a i ʻole nā lau marenta, hiki i kekahi mau lālā ke mālama iā lākou. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēia hana maʻamau i nā manawa a me nā wahi, akā hiki iā mākou ke wehewehe i kā ia ma kahi penei: ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, maʻamau e hoʻomaka ana mai ka 20th o ka malama 12 o ka mahina lunar, ʻo nā hui liʻiliʻi no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā keke pākalula a me nā meaʻai pastesbegin e nīnau i kekahi i kekahi. pepehi i ka puaʻa, ʻoki i ka puaʻa, kūʻai i ka laiki palaka (Fig.6), a hoʻohele i nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā lau marenta.
E pili ana i ka puaʻa, ma hope o ka hoʻoili ʻana, ʻo ke koena wale nō e noho ai, ʻo nā koina hui e hoʻomoʻa a laila e hōʻuluʻulu i ka puaʻa. Ma hope o kēlā, ua manaʻo ʻia ka huakaʻi o ka hui, ua kali ke kali i ka makahiki hou e hui hou hou. I kēlā manawa, hoʻonui paha i ka nui o nā lālā a hoʻomau paha a hoʻomau ka mea e mālama ana i kāna hana inā loaʻa iā ia ka hilinaʻi o nā lālā ʻē aʻe. Kahi ʻano hui like ia e hōʻike i ka paʻa 'ma ka ulia' o ka poʻe e noho ana i nā wahi māla ʻeleʻele.
Wahi a Phan Kế Bính i kāna hana pono Nā Kūleʻa o Vietnam i nā kuaʻāina, loaʻa pinepine ka poʻe i ka tontine (*) no ka palaoa laulau momona, ka puaʻa no ka puaʻa, ka puaʻa no ka pipi, ka tontine no ka laiki - i kapa mau ʻia he tontine no ka leʻaleʻa ʻẾ. ^ E Ha yM. E hōʻiliʻili ka mea mālama kālā a keuine i kēlā me kēia mahina i kahi kālā mai nā lālā a laila hoʻohana lākou i kēlā kālā e loaʻa ai kekahi kālā, a ke hiki mai ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki, e lilo ke kālā holoʻokoʻa i mea kūʻai aku i ka bipi, he puaʻa, a me ka laiki e hana ai. nā keke a māhelehele iā lākou i waena o nā lālā nānā e ʻoliʻoli ʻẾ. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻolaha kēia ʻano o ka tontine i kēlā me kēia kanaka e uku iki wale i ka mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, aʻo ia ke kōkua iā ia i ʻole i hopohopo i ka wā ʻẾ hiki mai ia. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, i ka manawa Tet, hoʻohana ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻohana e hoʻomākaukau i kahi pā o ka pā i loko o ka pā i ka ʻehā lau a i ʻole 5 a 3 kilima a i ʻole he 10 mau kilima o ka laiki, e pili ana i ke kūlana kālā o ka ʻohana, a me kahi pā o ʻoki ʻoki e ʻai me ka momona a me ka palaoa palaoa pulela ʻia e like me ka ʻōlelo a ka pauku: “ka momona momona, nā kālena ʻili a me ka ʻōlelo pālahalaha ʻulaʻula”. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka poʻe hana maikaʻi ke loaʻa i kahi kīʻaha hou o ka momona momona i hui ʻia a i ʻole kekahi mauʻu wai i ʻaʻa ʻia i hoʻomoʻa ʻia i mālama ʻia i loko o ka palaʻai ai ʻole lāua ʻelua. Hiki i ka poʻe waiwai ke hana i ka puaʻa puaʻa.
Ma waho aʻe o nā kīʻaha like ʻole, ua mākaukau kekahi ʻohana i kahi ʻīlio (kahi moa ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi moʻo āpau) e pepehi ʻia i ka wā a ka ʻohana i lawe i nā makana i ka hola transitional. E hana pono i nā ʻohana e mākaukau i kahi pālona, momona i ka wā o ka lā 9 a i ʻole 10 mau mahina o ka makahiki lunar, ma ka ʻike ʻana i kahi ʻahaʻaina e mālama ai i kā lākou mau poʻe hanohano i Tetele.2
ʻO ka ʻiʻo a me nā pōpō, pono e hopohopo kekahi no nā ipu liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili Wili ʻoki a mākaukau ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka o Dekemaba no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma Hōʻike Hou makahiki (Fig.7)
I pono lākou e hānai a kanu i nā kīhāpai i hoʻopumu ʻia kā lākou mau lāʻau i ka hua a me nā pua ma ka manawa hoʻolauleʻa. I kēia hopena, pono lākou e kiʻi i ka ʻenehana a me ka mākaukau o ka moʻomeheu kiko, hoʻohui, hoʻomohala, pua, leafpruning, bud-accelerating a pua pua. E pili ana i ka narcissus e pua pinepine nā pua gula i ke kakahiaka nui, pono lākou e hoʻopili a kanu i nā mea kanu mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka malama ʻumikūmālua.
HENRI OGER ua hoʻolako mai iā mākou i kahi pākaukau o kahi māla e hānai ana i kāna mau pua orchid (Fig.8) e hana i ka mea kanu pua i kona makemake.
Ma waho aʻe o nā pua a me nā mea kanu palaʻa (Fig.9), hauʻoli pū ka poʻe i ka apricot keʻokeʻo, camellia, kumquat, ʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo peach, bignonia ... a me nā hua i ka nui. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia kēia mau mea āpau a mālama ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻolauleʻa.
E haʻi ana i nā huaʻai, e pono e hana i nā pā o nā puʻupuʻu ʻelima i ʻike pinepine ʻia ma Vietnam mau wahi ākea i ka wā o ka Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou. ^ E Ha yM. No nā ʻāpana kula, kumquats ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ua kau ʻia nā pā hua ʻelima ma luna o ke kuahu o nā kūpuna laau kumquat i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i waenakonu o ka hale. ʻO kēia mau mea e ʻoliʻoli maikaʻi a kūpono hoʻi. Laau kumquat hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia i loko o ka pā onoono me ka ʻili ʻili pali ʻili i hana ʻia ma Hongkong, Kau Hào or Que Quao ka mea i ʻike maikaʻi ʻia i nā pā hao na enamelled a me nā ipu. Nā lāʻau kumquat kahai ʻia i nā kukui no ke kālai ʻia me nā hua he nui, he gula a he nani, ʻaʻole nui nā lau o lākou mau pua, a ulu ikaika nā hua lāʻau me nā lālā paʻa a me ka malu. Ua ʻoliʻoli nui ʻo Connoisseurs no kahi kūikawā kumquats no nā ʻano Vietnam.
ʻO kahi ʻaoʻao mai kēia mau hoʻomākaukau a kaawale, e pili ana i ka wahi a me ka ʻohana, nā Wiekanama hana pinepine nō hoʻi i kekahi mea i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no nā lā ʻekolu o ka Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou. ^ E Ha yM. Ua lilo ia i hana kuʻuna maʻamau, no ka laʻana, ka hana kuʻina o nā hana hui i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻehā a ai ʻīlī paha. Wahi a kēia ʻano, pono ka ʻaha o nā kānaka i ka hāʻawi kālā kālā i kēlā me kēia kālā, kahi ʻāpana o ka hāʻawi ʻia i ka mea mālama ʻauhau i hilinaʻi ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia kālā i loaʻa ai ke kīlea kīkē, ke ʻeke a me ka puaʻa no ka hana ʻana i nā keke square e māhele ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ka poʻe ma ka Hōʻike Hou makahiki.
Mahalo i kēia hana, ʻaʻole i lawe pono ka poʻe lawe i ka loaʻa kālā maikaʻi o ka launa kālā i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia o lākou i kahi hoʻonohonoho o kahi malama he nui akā ua maʻalahi ka manaʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ai ka pāʻina no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou hopohopo a wikiwiki hoʻi e holo ma hope o ka kūʻai ʻana aku. nā mea pono no ka moʻomeheu Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou.
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau no ka Hōʻike Manaʻo Hou Hou (ʻẾ) ʻaʻole wale kahi pilikino pilikino o nā ʻōpena e hūmū nei i ka makahiki āpau me ka kanu kanu, akā he mea maʻamau ka hopohopo pili i ke kālepa ʻana a me ka guilds. ʻO kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻouna pinepine aku nā mea kūʻai aku i kā lākou kauoha no ke kūʻai ʻana i nā huahana kūpono i ka waena waena o ka makahiki no ka hiki iā lākou ke kūʻai aku i nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka mākeke ʻo Tết mai ke waena waena o Dekemaba, ka mea nui o ka hanana a me nā mea hana ahi.
KA MANAʻO:
1 Ua'ōlelo ʻo HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Kauka o Phylosophy ma ka mōʻaukala.
2 He tontine ka waihona kālā e hui pū ai ka hui o nā poʻe hua'ōlelo E hele mai ana ʻo Lorenzo Tonti, Neapolitan Banker nāna i hoʻokomo i ka ʻōnaehana i Farani i ka makahiki 17.
3 Wahi a LÊ TRUNG VŨ - ʻO Tết kuʻuna o ka Vietnam.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
KA MANAʻO:
◊ Kumu: Hui Kūʻai Vietnam Vietnam - Makahiki Nui - Asso. Prof. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Kauka o Phylosophy i ka mōʻaukala.
Ban Ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo Ban Tu Thu e nā kiʻi kikokiko a me nā kiʻi sepia. ma kahi o ka mea
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' Nā manaʻo no nā kānaka KAHAKAʻO - nā hopohopo no ka HANOHOLU - Mahele 1
' Nā manaʻo no nā kānaka KAHAKAʻO - nā hopohopo no ka HANOHOLU - Mahele 2
' Vietnam New Year Lunar - vi-VersiGoo
◊ etc.