ʻO ke kaiāulu H'MONG o nā hui lāhui he 54 ma Vietnam

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    TLoaʻa iā H'MONG ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 896,239 poʻe e noho ana i ka noʻonoʻo i nā mauna mauna kiʻekiʻe o nā panalāʻau o ʻo iaʻo Giang¹, ʻO Tuyen Quang², Lao Cai³, Yen Bai⁴, Lai Chau⁵, ʻO Dien Bien⁶, Keiki La⁷, Cao Bang⁸, Hoa Hoa⁹ a Nghe An¹⁰. I kēia mau lā, ua neʻe lākou i ka Kōkua a me ka aoao hikina o ʻO Vietnam Hema. Loaʻa iā lākou kekahi mau pūʻulu kūloko. ʻO H'mong Trang (Keʻokeʻo H'mong), H'mong Hoa (Pua H'mong), H'mong Do (H'mong ʻulaʻula), H'mong Den (ʻEleʻele H'mong), H'mong Xanh (Blue H'mong).). O lakou kekahi inoa ʻO Meo a ʻO Mieu. Na ka ʻōlelo H'MONG ka H'mong-Dao¹¹ g'ōpili.

    FʻO ka mea nui, ua ola ka H'MONG ma ka mahi slash-and-bum. Kanu lākou i ka laiki a me ka com. I kekahi mau wahi, hoʻomaʻemaʻe pū lākou i nā mahina ʻai kūwaho. ʻO nā mea kanu meaʻai nui nā com, laiki a me rai. Kanu lākou i nā mea kanu olonā e hoʻolako i nā olonā no ka ulana ʻana a me nā mea kanu lāʻau. ʻO ka H'MONG rea pipi, ʻīlio, norses a me nā moa. I ka wā i hala iho nei ua hāpai ka H'MONG i ka mālama holoholona ʻana e nā wahine a ʻo ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i nā ululāʻau ke kuleana o nā kāne. I kēia manawa ma lalo o ka Kōkua o ka mokuʻāina, ka H'MONG i hoʻokele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka laiki-pulu, ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻoihana, a me ka mahi ʻai no ke kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ko lākou ola. Kaulana nui kā lākou hana ulana lole a me ka ulana lole.

   Thana ʻo H'MONG i ko lākou mau lole kuʻuna mai ka lole lilina nona iho. ʻO kaʻaʻahu wahine kuʻuna i loko o kahi pālule, kahi pālule hāmama ma ka hope o mua a me nā pale mua a me nā leggings. ʻO ke kola blaeded bleded blouses kahi ʻāpana lole e hāʻule ana ma nā poʻohiwi. ʻO kā lākou pālule nunui-pelu e humuhumu nui ʻia a hoʻonani ʻia hoʻi. I kēia manawa, kūʻai ka poʻe he nui i nā lole mākaukau. Manaʻo nui ʻia ma waena o ka H'MONG e hiki i nā poʻe o ka moʻokūʻauhau ke hānau a make i ka hale o kekahi, a pono e kōkua a kākoʻo kekahi i kekahi. Hōʻiliʻili kēlā me kēia lālani i kahi hui, noho kona poʻo i nā mea maʻamau.

   YUa manuahi nā kāne a me nā wahine e koho i kā lākou mau hoa. Ua kapu loa ka male ʻana ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine o ka kūʻauhau like. Wahi a kahi hana i kapa ʻia "Haypu", ke keikikāne a me kahi kaikamahine i hiki ʻole ke kūʻai i ka male, hiki, ma lalo o ka ʻaelike a ko lākou mau mākua, hoʻonohonoho e hui ai kekahi i kekahi ma kahi a ke kāne e lawe ai i ka wahine i kona hale e lilo i wahine nāna. Kūlike ke ola mare o ka H'MONG. ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ka helu.

   Traditional ʻekolu mau lā Makahiki Hou o ka H'MONG i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēlā me kēia Kekemapa. Kāohi lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu i ka manawa. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea kani i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā paipu a me nā lip-zither. E hauʻoli ai i ka pūnāwai a ma hope o kahi lā hana. Hoʻokani pinepine nā kāne ʻōpio a me nā wahine i nā paipu a me nā lip-zither e hōʻike i ko lākou mau manaʻo a kāhea i kā lākou mau hoa.

NĀ MANAʻO:
'  Ke kaiāulu o 54 GROUPS ETHNIC ma Vietnam - Paukū 1.
'  ʻO Ka Pūnaewele BA NA o nā hui 54 Heʻāina ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka Bo Y Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā BRAU Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  Ka Pūnaewele Kaiaulu BRU-VAN KIEU o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHO RO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CO HO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu moʻokalaleo ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO CONG Community o nā hui 54 heʻāina ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHUT Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka CHU RU Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHAM Community o nā hui 54 heʻohana ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka DAO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu hui ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ke kaiāulu o GIAY o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo): CONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam - Phan 1.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BA NA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi bo Y trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi ma RO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CONG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi DAO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi GIAY trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi GIA RAI trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi HOA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi KHANG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi KHMER trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ etc.

BAN TU THU
09 / 2020

noka:
¹ :… Ke hōʻano hou nei…

KA MANAʻO:
◊ Puna & Kiʻi:  54 Hui Pūʻulu ʻē ma Vietnam, Thong Tan Publisher, 2008.
Ban Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Ban Tu Thu e nā leka uila a me nā ʻaoʻao mele a pau. ma kahi o ka mea