ʻO ka mōʻaukala o TET MAGAZINES ma Cochin China - Mahele 2
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH
… E hoʻomau ʻia…
Aia ka hemahema o ka poʻe i ka manaʻo e hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻia nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma mua o lākou iho, ʻoiai ʻoiai, i kēlā me kēia lā, ke loaʻa nei nā pōmaikaʻi he nui aku ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa. Eia nō naʻe heʻuʻuku paha ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, pono mākou e hauʻoli i ka loaʻa ʻana, no ka mea, hana ʻia e mākou iho e like me ka puʻuhonua, ʻoiai he hāiki, ke paio mau nei i ke kaomi o ka makani, a me nā ʻāpana pōkā pahū.
Eia nō naʻe, he nui nā ala e leʻaleʻa ai, ma waena o nā mea a i nā hana a me nā hana hana pono a mākou e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻi mai ai ka puna wai.
He nui nā nūpepa i kēlā manawa i loiloi i ka emi ʻana o nā ʻike o nā pilikia o Springtime i loko o kēlā mau makahiki kaua ʻelima.
ʻO ia ka kūlana i Cochin China Ho Bieu Chanh [Hồ Biểu Chánh] ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hōʻike mōʻaukala.
Ke nānā aku nei iā Hanoi - ka lānai o ka lāhui holoʻokoʻa - ua loaʻa nā nūpepa ma o nā makasina e like me ʻO Tri Tan [Tri Tân] (Ka ʻike o nā mea hou) ʻO ʻOh Nghi [Thanh Nghị] (Hoʻohui lehulehu) Loaʻa iā Bac Chu nhat [Kūlana Bắc Chủ nhật] (Sabati Waena a me ka Akau), waiho ʻia no kā mākou pono ka waiwai nui o nā palapala, i hoʻohana ʻia no nā pōʻai Paipalapala a me nā Palapala. ʻIghtlelo pololei. nā pilikia o ka wā puna o Loaʻa iā Bac Chu nhat [Kūlana Bắc Chủ nhật], Phong Hoa [Phong Hoá] a Ngay ʻAʻole [Ua loaʻa iā Ngày Nay] i ka noʻonoʻo o ka poʻe heluhelu kokahi Cochin.
Ma ka Phong Hoa [Phong Hoá] a Ngay ʻAʻole [Ngày Nay], ua hōʻoia ua mau nūpepa i ko lākou mau wahi mua i ka pā me ka moʻolelo o kēia wā. Nā mea hana pilikino e like me Ly Toet, Xa Xe, Bang Banh [Lý Toét, Xã Xệ, Bang Bạnh]… he hanana kupaianaha i waena o nā ʻano makasina a me nā nūpepa i kēlā wā mua o ka manawa. ʻO nā kānaka e like me Ly Toet a Xa Xe [Lý Toét, Xã Xệ]… ua puka hou i loko o nā makasina i kākau ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Palani. ʻO ka poʻe nūpepa, e hoʻomākaukau ana i nā pilikia o ka wā puna no nā makasina like ʻole, ua hoʻohana lākou i nā kiʻi e hōʻike ana i kēlā mau kanaka kuhihewa - i manaʻo ʻia e like me nā kamaʻāina Vietnamese maʻamau - a no laila, he manawa kūpono kā mākou e hoʻolauna aku ai iā lākou i kā mākou poʻe heluhelu i kā mākou puke Springtime o kēia makahiki.
Mahope o ka hoi ana o Farani Saigon [Sài Gòn] no ka lua o ka manawa, nā nupepa ʻelua Tuong Lai [T Laing Lai] (wā e hiki mai) a me ka ʻO Phuc Hung [Phục Hưng] (Ke ola hou) i makemake nui i ka leʻaleʻa Tetele [Tết] i ka wā mua. Ma ke ʻano he mana kūikawā, ua loaʻa kēia mau nūpepa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka paʻi ʻana i nā kāleka inoa inoa e paʻa ana i nā mele aloha a New Year [Năm mới] i kā lākou pili kūikawā i paʻi ʻia ma ka hopena o ka. ʻO Binh Tuat [Bính Tuất] makahiki (1946). I kēlā manawa, ua hoʻomaka ka lāhui i kāna kaua kū'ē i ka Farani, akā na ka poʻe Phuc Hung [Phục Hưng] i manaʻo nui i ka maluhia mau.
“'I ke wa hea o Binh Tuat [Bính Tuất] (1946), ke noi nei ʻo Phuc Hung [Phục Hưng] i kāna mau makemake maikaʻi i nā mea heluhelu a pau, me ka manaʻo he leʻaleʻa lākou. Aloha - ku okoa ana - ka pomaikai".
Ma keia Makahiki1947) ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka lua nūpepa me nā inoa ʻē aʻe e like me: ʻO Viet But [ʻO Việt Bút] (Vietnamese Pen), Tin Dien [Tin Điện] (Kōkua Flash), ʻO Kien Thiet [Kiến Thiết] (Hana hou) Ua Pau [Sự Thật] (ʻoiaʻiʻo), Ilona Dang [Lên Đàng] (Hoʻomaka ma ke ʻano o kekahi). ʻ Kylelo iā Ky [Nam Kỳ] (Cochin Kina), ʻ Vietlelo Tan [Tân Việt] (Hou Vietnam), ʻO Tieng Goi [Tiếng Goi] (The Call). Eia naʻe, ʻelua wale nō i waena o lākou e pono e nānā. ʻO lākou ke kumu no ka Springtime e Mr. Akāʻo Tra [Bút Trà] - ʻo ia ka ʻO Kien Thiet [Kiến Thiết] Hoʻopuka i ka manawa manawaleʻa kānāwai ʻ .maʻa [Chín], a me ʻ Kylelo iā Ky [Nam Kỳ] Kau kihi manawa o Mr. Truong [Trường].
I ka makahiki 1948 - ua ala ka Press me ke ʻano he nui o nā pilikia kūikawā like ʻole o ka Springtime i manaʻo ʻia he prolix paha. I kēia wā o ka manawa, ua ola nā pilikia kūikawā like ʻole o ka Springtime a hoʻokūkū kekahi me kekahi i ka hōʻike ʻana i ke aloha o ka Makahiki Hou ma lalo o nā inoa "lahui delectably" e like me ka Liberation Springtime [Xuân Giài Phóng] - Wartime Springtime [Xuân Khói Lửa] - National Manawa [Xuân Dân Tộc]…
Ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona kūikawā a ma ke ʻano vogue - kahi nui o nā hale paʻi e like me ʻ Vietlelo Tan [Tân Viêt], ʻO Nam Cuong Ua paʻi pū kekahi o Nam Cường i nā pilikia kūikawā Springtime. ʻO nā hui o ka Cao Dai [Cao Đài] a Hoa Hao [Hoà Hảo] (ʻO Cao Dai lāua ʻo Hoa Hao he mau hoʻomana hoʻomana) a 'o kekahi Roman Katolika Ua paʻi nā hui ʻo [Thiên chúa giáo] i nā makasina Springtime, e lawe ana i nā inoa keaka e like me: Sound of the Bell Springtime Magazine [Xuân Tiếng Kèn], Magazine Area Springtime hikina [Xuân Miền Đông], Fighting Springtime Magazine [Xuân Chiến Đấu]…
Eia nō naʻe, pili wale i ka helehelena - manaʻo ka pōʻai Paipalapala ʻo nā pilikia kūikawā ʻelua o ka Springtime, i paʻi ʻia i loko o nā hanana o ke kūlana i nā makahiki 1949 a me 1950 i lilo i kumu hoʻohālikelike no nā makasina kauā a pau i kēlā manawa a mai ia manawa mai. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ia ʻano hoʻohālikelike i kahakaha ʻia i kahi kiʻi maopopo, ma ke ʻano a me ka ʻike, o ke ʻano i ʻae ʻia ka pōʻai kaomi e ʻoluʻolu i kahi aupuni kaomi puka pukamai ka pūnāwai o 1950) - akā i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka makahiki 1951, hōʻole hou nā makasina wā puna. Hōʻike ka piʻi a me lalo o ka pōʻai kaomi i nā kūlana politika a me ka hoʻokele i kū ʻole i loko o ka ʻāina ʻo Indochina.
Pehea e hiki ai i kekahi ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā makasina a me nā nūpepa ʻo Spring e pili ana i kā lākou hana politika, noʻeau, nohona kanaka a me nā moʻomeheu… i hōʻike ʻia e lākou ma ke ʻano ʻoiaʻiʻo - he mea kēia e koi ai i kahi hana noiʻi koʻikoʻi, e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa - ke ʻano noiʻi, ke ʻano o ka mōʻaukala. , ʻano hana kālaiʻāina…
ʻAʻole ia he ala maʻalahi ka hana ʻimi noiʻi akā ʻoiai aia iā mākou ma ka lima nā makasina Springtime ʻē aʻe e helu ai e like me ʻO Dong Thanh Xuan [Thông Thanh Xuân] 1935 (Leo o ka Manaʻo 0rient 1935) hoʻopuka a Dr. ʻO Tran Nhu Lan [ʻO Trần Như Lân], ʻAʻole Xuan [Nay Xuân] (ʻO kēia ka Spring), ʻO Tan Tien Xuan [Tân Tiến Xuân] (Kūlohelohe Kūʻai), ʻO Dan Ba Moi [Bàn Bà Mới] (Wahine Hou) paʻi ʻia e ʻO Bang Duong [ʻO Băng Dương], Sai Thanh Hoa bao [Sài Thành Họa báo] (Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Saigon), ʻO Tan Thoi [Tân Thời] (Nā manawa hou), Tu Kau [Tự hana] (ku okoa ana), Dong Nai [Naing Nai], ʻO Dong Duong [Duông Duong] (Ho'omoe), Nu Gioi [Nữ Gới] (Ka wahine o ka wahine), Khoa Hoc [Khoa Học] (Keʻike), Mele [Sống] (ola) - Kūleʻa Bong [Chớp Bóng] (Movie), ʻO Van Hoc [Văn Học] tuan san (Hōʻike makana i ka pule), Niet kāhea [Niết Bàn] (Nirvana)… Ma waena o kēlā mau makasina Hao pono mākou e nānā pono i kekahi mau mea e like me ka Mai (ʻāpōpō) paʻi ʻia e ʻO Dao Trinh Nhat [Đào Trịnh Nhật], ʻO Tan Van [Tân Văn] (Nā palapala hou) paʻi ʻia e ʻO Phan Van Thiet [Phan Văn Thiết], Nhut Bao [Nā Kaha B]Nūpepa i kēlā me kēia lā) a me ka ʻO Dan Moi [Dân Mới] (Hōʻailona hou) paʻi ʻia e ʻO Nguyen Bao Toan [Nguyễn Bảo Toàn] a ʻO Nguyen Van Mai [Nguyễn Văn Mai]. Pono mākou e ʻike e pili ana i ka lono ma o ka kaapuni Press e manaʻoʻiʻo nei aia ka kolu o nā Internationalists ʻO Dai Chung [Chi Chúng] (Nā Kūlana) nūpepa a me ka poʻe ʻehā o nā Internationalist i ʻO Tranh Dau [Tranh Đấu] (Kaumaha) nā nūpepa i hānau i nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā a me nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau.
Eia nō naʻe, no ka pili ʻana i ka maka a me ke ʻano o nā pilikia kūikawā o ka Springtime, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kēlā, i ka hoʻomaka, ʻo ka helu ʻana o kā lākou mau ʻaoʻao he liʻiliʻi iki hoʻi, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi o nā nūpepa maʻamau maʻamau - ʻaʻole anei no ka mea pono nā ʻatikala ua pili i nā kumuhana Spring, no laila ua koho pono lākou? ʻO ka pūnāwai puna o ka Laki Lap [Lung Lập] (1933) he 10 wale nō ʻaoʻao o nā nui maʻamau, me ke kumukūʻai kūʻai he 15 keneta; aia wale nō ka Xuan Phu Nu Tan Van [Xuân Phụ Nữ Tân Văn] (Hōʻike Hou a ka wahine) ka mānoanoa me nā ʻaoʻao 38 - me nā ʻaoʻao 4 o ka uhi i paʻi ʻia ma nā kala i kupaianaha loa, akā ʻo ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku he 20 keneta wale nō. I ka manawa ka Kau aku Chung [Thần Chung] (Hoʻolaha hoʻokolaha) i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka poʻe heluhelu i kā lākou nānā no ka Phu Nu Tan Van [Phụ Nữ Tân Văn] i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei. ʻO ka Pae Maʻa Hōʻailona kūikawā o ka ʻO Duoc Nha Nam [Đuốc Nhà Nam] ((ʻO ka Torchm People's Torch) i paʻi ʻia e Nguyen Phan Long [Nguyễn Phan Long] a me Nguyen Van Sam [Nguyễn Văn Sâm] i ka makahiki 1935 kahi poʻokela pū kekahi me nā ʻaoʻao 20, paʻi maikaʻi ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ma 20 keneta pākahi. A laila i ka makahiki 1936, ka pukana Springtime i kapa ʻia ʻo “Vietnam”, i paʻi ʻia e Nguyen Phan Long [Nguyễn Phan Long], he 24 ʻaoʻao a kūʻai ʻia aku me ke kumu kūʻai ma lalo o 20 keneta.
Ka hopena o ka hopena o ka makahiki o ka ʻO Phuc Hung [Phục Hưng] (Hoʻoula hou) paʻi ʻia ma 1946 i like ka nui me ka hapalua o kahi puka maʻamau o kēlā me kēia lā a kūʻai ʻia aku 1 piastre.
I kēlā manawa, ua kūʻai kūʻai koke aku kekahi mau pilikia kūikawā ʻo Springtime, ʻaʻole ma muli wale nō o kā lākou kiʻi a i ʻole kiʻi paʻi paha i ko lākou uhi - e like me ka hihia o ka Springtime Issue ʻO Anh Sang [Ánh Sáng] (Light) o Lu Khe [Lữ Khê] - a i ʻole no ka nui o nā ʻaoʻao e like me ka hihia o ka Kau aku Chung [Thần Chung] (Hoʻolaha hoʻokolaha) o Nam Dinh [Nam Đình], akā ma muli o kahi lotiri i hoʻohana ʻia no ka "kūʻai aku ʻana" e like me ka hihia o ka Saigon Moi [Sài Gòn Mới] (Na Saigon Hou) paʻi ʻia e Mrs. But Tra [Bút Trà]. Me ke kiʻi kūikawā, ke ʻano o ka Springtime o ka ʻO Doc Thay [Đọc Hui ʻia] (Heluhelu a ʻike) i paʻi ʻia e Tran Van An [Trần Văn An], ua kūʻai koke ʻia ʻoiai he "ʻekolu mau helu i hoʻokahi" a ua kūʻai ʻia aku me ke kumukūʻai kūpono, ʻoiai ua ʻae ʻia nā mea heluhelu e komo i ka hoʻokūkū me nā makana he nui e hiki ai ke lanakila . E pili ana i ka Hōʻuluʻulu Manawa o 'ka ʻO Dan Quy [Dân Quý] (ʻO ka poʻe aloha aloha) paʻi ʻia e Phan Khac Suu [Phan Khắc Sửu] - kahi kālai'āina ma ka Hema - a e ʻO Nguyen Van Mai [ʻO Nguyễn Văn Mai], kūʻai lilo aku ia i kona mahalo ma kona mau heluhelu heluhelu a me kāna hōʻike.
Ma waho aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pōʻai Press ke pale i ka hoʻokūkū me kekahi i kekahi e hoʻopuka i nā makasina a me nā nūpepa i ka wanaʻao; ma o ia hoʻokūkū, ka Kau aku Chung [Thần Chung] o Nam Dinh [Nam Đình] i hōʻea ma mua o nā mea heluhelu i lawe ʻia ma mua o nā puke ʻē aʻe./.
NĀ MANAʻO:
' ʻO ka mōʻaukala o TET MAGAZINES ma Cochin China - Mahele 1
BAN TU THU
11 / 2019