CHOLON - Cochinchina - ʻāpana 1
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MARCEL BERNANOISE1
I. Hoikehonua Kino
PĀHUI, ʻREʻI
ʻO ka mokuʻāina o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] ka mea e komo ana he eka o 121441 heketa, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao Hema o ka Hikina o Cochin-China. He pākuʻi a me kona ʻāina a puni wale nō me ka nui o nā nahele a i ʻole ka puʻu e piʻi; he mea hōʻike aku iā ia iho i kou mau maka he nui o kahi ʻāina i palena i ka Hikina e ka moku o ʻO Giadinh [Gia Định], aia ma ke Komohana a ka moku o ʻO Tanana [ʻAn An], e hōea aku ana i nā ka neʻe mai nā ʻaoʻao mai North-West a South-East, ka mamao o 60 km, mai nā palena o ka ʻāina ʻo Lana Nin [Tây Ninh] ia i ke Kai Kina ma ka pahuhopu o ka Hema ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ] a ka Ka keokeo [ʻO Soài Rạp].
HULIAU
Ma muli o kona kūlana, ke anuanu, wela a me ka ʻili, like me ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o Cochin-China, a ʻāwīwī ʻia ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina Hema e ke kai e pili ana i ke kai. Ma kahi huaʻōlelo, he ola kino kahi o ke anā a ʻaʻohe maʻi hope a me nā maʻi paha i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia.
ʻO ka HYDROGRAPHY
The hikina ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ], kekahi o na kahawai nui o Cochin — Kina e ukali ana ma ke komohana hema o ka panalaau o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] ma kona kaona holookoa, i kona lilo mua ana me na aina o ʻO Gocong [ʻO Gô Công] a ʻO Tanana [ʻAn An]. ʻO kēia kahawai nui me kahi kaila maʻamau mau loa i hoʻokele ʻia ma nā wahi āpau e hele ai i ka ʻāina o ka mokuna. Loaʻa iā ia ma kona ʻaoʻao hema kahi helu lehulehu. Ma waho aʻe o ka hikina ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ] pono mākou e ʻōlelo i ka rach ʻO Cangiuoc [Hiki iā Giuoc] i hoʻonui ʻia e ka mele Ong Lon [Ông Lớn] a me ka rach Kahua Tram [rạch Cầu Tràm] e hoʻolei ana iā ia iho i loko o ke kai Kina kokoke i ka waha o ka ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ]. ʻO ka ʻōkeke ʻO Cangiuoc [Hiki iā Giuoc] hui pū ʻia ʻana i ka Soirap e ka rach ʻO Vang [rạch Vàng] a me ka rach ʻO Cau Doi [rạch Cầu Đôi]. Eia kekahi, pono hoʻi e haʻi i ka ʻauwa o Kinh Nuoc Mang [Kinh Nước Mặn] nā ʻāpana o ka hikina ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ] i ka ʻO Cangiuoc [Hiki iā Giuoc] ka muliwai. He koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi ka moku-ka-moku ma kēia kahawai.
WAIWAI
Ke alaahi mai Saigon [Sài Gòn]] i Mytho e kū i ka mokuʻāina o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] ma ka loa ona, e like me ka Halelali Koloa Helu 16 mai Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] Kulanauna i Benluc, kahi e kū ai i ka ʻO Vamco [ʻO Vàm Cỏ] e ka uwila hao nui oloko, ka palena o ka mokuna o ʻO Tanana [ʻAn An]. Loaʻa i kēia ala pākele i kēlā me kēia lā nā lawelawe o ʻehā mau kaʻa.
II. Hoikehonua Paʻa
HE MANAʻU KUPUNA
ʻO ka hui hoʻokele o ka mokuʻāina ua like ia me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ko Cochin-China. I kuhikuhi ʻia e kahi luna hoʻomalu o nā lawelawe kuokoa, ke poʻokela o ke kāʻei, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka manawa like, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā hana o ka Pelekikena o ke kuhina kūloko o ke kaona o ka Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. ʻO nā keʻena loiloi e pili ana i nā pili ʻāina āpau e pili ana i ke kaona o ka Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] iho. E like me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau ʻia ana kahi kālā kūlele, i manaʻo ʻia a koho ʻia e kāna ʻaha kahawai, ʻo ka luna o ia mea (ʻo ia ke poʻokela o ia ʻāina) ʻo ia ka mea hoʻomalu o kēia kālā i uku ʻia no ka makahiki 1925, i ka 355.240 $.
ʻO ka ʻaha ālona kūloko he ʻumikumamālua mau lālā, a i ʻole ʻaha kūkā, he ʻelele no nā ʻāpana he 12; ua koho ʻia kēia mau luna e nā poʻe alakaʻi. Ua hoʻolako ʻia kēia ʻaha kahawai kūloko i kēlā me kēia makahiki ʻelua.
NA HIKI NUI LOA
At Phulama [Phú Lâm], kahi kauhale e waiho ana i 3 km mai Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn], aia he kula- kahi kula i hui pū ʻia me kahi kula no nā kaikamahine ʻōpio. Kuhi ʻia kēia hoʻokumu e kahi kumu, kōkua ʻia e kekahi kumu aʻo Europa a me ke kumu aʻo. Mālama ʻia ka luna o ka sehool i ka nānā ʻana i nā kula a pau o ke kula. Aia nō hoʻi nā kula haʻahaʻa ma Duc Hoa [Đức Hoʻa], ʻO Tan Phu Thuong [Tân Phú Thượng], Ke Akua [ʻO Gō Đen], ʻO Cangiuoc [Hiki iā Giuoc], Rachkien [Rạch Kiến], Canduoc [Hiki iā Duoc] a ʻo nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ua kaʻawale ʻia ma luna o nā ʻāpana nui o nā kauhale, kahi e hoʻohui ʻia ai kahi Kula Free a me nā hale pule ʻehā.
Koho Waiwai
Ma lalo o ke kaohi o ke kauka Europa, i kōkua ʻia e kekahi mea kōkua a me nā 8 mau mea maʻi komo kū mua. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā hale maʻi me nā home hānai ma ʻO Cangio [ʻO Cần Giờ], Canduoc [Hiki iā Duoc], Rachkien [Rạch Kiến], Duc Hoa [Đức Hoʻa], Phulama [Phú Lâm], a ma ka hiin nui.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hoʻomaʻamaʻa wā nui i nā kauhale. Ke kaʻi ʻana nei ka Moku'āina i ka quinine gratuitously i ka lehulehu kaiāulu i mea e hakakā ai me ka marsh-fever. Aia nā palekiki i hōʻoia ʻia ma nā wahi kūloko e hele a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā hale pilikino a me nā home maternity.
… KAʻIAHEA…
BAN TU THƯ
12 / 2019
KA MANAʻO:
1: ʻO Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Painter ma Valenciennes - ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Palani. Hōʻuluʻulu o ke ola a me kāu ʻoihana:
+ 1905-1920: Ke hana nei ma Indochina a ka luna ʻĀina i ke Kiaʻāina o Indochina;
+ 1910: Kumu ma Kula Hikina Loa o Palani;
+ 1913: Ka papa noi i nā ʻano kanaka maoli a me ka paʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻatikala kākau ʻōlelo;
+ 1920: Ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Palani a hoʻonohonoho i nā hōʻikeʻike kiʻi ma Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - nā kiʻi pena ʻāina e pili ana iā Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, a me kekahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo. mai ka Hikina Loa mai;
+ 1922: Ke paʻi nei i nā puke e pili ana i nā hana hoʻonaninani ma Tonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Lanakila i kahi makana nui ma ka Hōʻikeʻike Kolona ma Marseille, a hana pū me ka mea hoʻolālā o Pavillon de lʻIndochine e hana i kahi o nā mea i loko;
+ 1952: Hōʻailona i ka makahiki 68 a waiho i kahi nui o nā paʻi a me nā kiʻi;
+ 2017: Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna hale kiʻi kiʻi i kāna wā mamo.
E hoʻomaopopo ':
◊ puke “KAHIKI LA”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng Đức] Mea hoʻolaha, Hanoi, 2018.
' wikipedia.org
◊ Nānā i nā hua ʻōlelo Vietnamese i hoʻopuni ʻia ma loko o nā māmele hōʻailona - hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Ban Tu Thu.
NĀ MANAʻO:
' CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Mahele 2
' SAIGON - La Cochinchine
' COCHINCHINA