Nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka Helu o ka BOOKS e loaʻa ana i "KAʻOHE ANA I KA LOHE ANA i KA MEA KĀNU ANO ANNAMESE PEOPLE"

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ʻO Asso ʻO Prof. HUNG, NGUYEN MANH, PhD.

1. He pūʻulu puke kēia i kākau ʻia i loko Farani e OGER a paʻi ʻia i Paris i loko o 200 kope. ʻAe pākahi o lākou i ka 159 mau ʻaoʻao (Ua hewa ʻo OGER i ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he 156 mau ʻaoʻao), a 32 mau hiʻohiʻona. Ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao 156, 79 o lākou e hana me nā hana hana, hōʻikeʻike, ka paʻi ʻana, nā hana kuʻuna a me nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā; Hoʻopili me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kuhikuhi e pili ana i ka loea maʻamau, ka ʻina wahine, nā pāʻani, a me nā mea pāʻani, 30 o ia mau mea i nā ʻike a me nā hoʻolaha ʻana o kēlā me kēia o nā papa i ka Album a me nā mea nui.

2. Ma ka ʻāpana e hoʻolauna ana i nā hana lima ʻōiwi - kahi ʻāpana o nā mea nui o ka puke - ua wehewehe ʻo HENRI OGER i kekahi mau hana e like me ka hana lacquer, ka humuhumu ʻana, ka hoʻokomo makuahine-o-ka momi, ke kālai lāʻau, ka hana pepa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. nā mea hana lima, i manaʻo ʻia e OGER ma ke ʻano he pepa mai e like me: parasol a me ka hana ʻana a fan, nā kaha kiʻi kala, ka paʻi puke ʻana. A laila hana ʻo H. OGER i kekahi mau helu “ʻoihana ʻiwi”E like me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hale, ka halihali ʻana, ka ulana lole ʻana, nā lole, ka pena ʻana, nā ʻoihana meaʻai, nā hana laiki, ka hana ʻana i ka palaoa laiki, ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me ka hana paka pū kekahi…

3. ʻO ka hana ʻana me nā hana lima ʻōiwi, ua nānā ʻo H. OGER a ua nānā maka i ka ʻenehana loea. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ia i kēlā me kēia hana, kēlā me kēia neʻe, kēlā me kēia ʻano o nā mea kani, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i nā mea, ka maikaʻi, nā kumuhana, nā kūlana hana, ka hoʻohana huahana, a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā huahana o Lapana, China… I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻo H. OGER i ke ola o nā hana lima he nui i kēlā manawa ma o kāna ʻike ponoʻī i hiki ʻole ke hōʻalo i kahi ʻano kumuhana, a ua hōʻea i nā loiloi maʻamau e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana i ke ala Farani. E heluhelu i kekahi o kēia mau wehewehe:

a..e.a I. "Nui nā mea nānā i noho ma Annam e kākau pinepine i loko o kā lākou papa inoa ʻaʻokalaka: ʻo nā ʻoihana e ʻae like ʻole a ane ʻole a hewa ʻole ma Annam. A ua ʻāpono pinepine ʻia mākou: ʻo mākou (ʻo ia ka Farani) ʻaʻole pono e hoʻowahāwahā i ka hāʻawi ʻana mai o nā mea hana loea a ka poʻe loio i makemake ai e hoʻolaha i kēia ʻāina.".

na B. Ua nānā iā OGER. "ʻAʻole pono ke alakaʻi o nā māla Vietnam i kahi ola paʻakikī ma loko o ka makahiki, ʻo ke ʻano he lōʻihi lākou i nā lā ʻoluʻolu. I loko o ia mau lā leʻaleʻa, e hōʻuluʻulu ka poʻe mahiʻai a hana e like me nā hana a nā limahana a nā huahana i hana ʻia e lilo i kumu kālā no ka hakahaka ʻole ʻana o ka hana laʻu e hānai iā lākou, ʻoiai me ka ʻano o ka pā o Indochinese".

c hoowela. He aha ke ʻano o nā mea hana? Wahi a H. OGER: “ʻElua mau kumuhana nui i hana ʻia: hana nā limahana i ka home no ka mea hana, a i kēia luna hana i nā hale o nā limahana e ʻohi i kā lākou huahana.".

e d. Ma kekahi mokuna ma ka ʻaoʻao H. OGER i kākau: "ʻO Vietnam kahi ʻāina e hoʻopuka ai i ka nui o ka pena, a nani loa ke kiʻi i ka North. No laila, uhi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā i kahi pale o ka paʻi, pale iā lākou e pale i ka wela koʻikoʻi e hoʻonā ʻia ai nā lāʻau lāʻau. ʻAʻole lawa ka pehu i hana ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i uka, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi ia i nā mea he nui loa no nā mea kūʻai aku nui ma Canton e hoʻopuka i ko lākou ʻāina.".

e. Ke kuhi nei i kahi manaʻo o ka lacquerware vietnamese i kēlā manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia e OGER: "ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā ʻano hana lacquering o Vietnam e like me ka mea hoʻokahi Iapana. ka Wiekanama lūlū wale i ka pā o ka peʻima kūlana kūikawā ma luna o nā mea lāʻau a ka lāʻau paha, i ʻeli mua ʻia, a hoʻohana i ka pālala maikaʻi e ʻae ai i nā hemahema, a kūʻai aku i nā huahana lacquer i ka poʻe ʻilihune. No kēlā kumu, ua uhi pinepine ʻia nā mea i uhi ʻia e kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka peʻalā.

f. Ke hana nei me ke kumuhana hoʻonaninani, manaʻo ʻo OGER e lawe wale ka lacquerer vietnamese iā ia mai “Nā hōʻailona Sino-Vietnamese"E like me ka embroiderer,"aia ma kona wahi ua nui nā kumuhana i lawe ʻia mai Kina kahi i hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia ai”. Ma ka hope loa, manaʻoʻiʻo Oger ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ka lacquerer vietnamese e ʻimi i nā kumuhana papala hou.Mai nā kūpuna mai i nā ʻohana, hāʻawi lākou i kekahi i kekahi o nā kumuhana he nui ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia e kekahi mea hoʻolālā aku ma mua.”. Ma kekahi mokuna ʻē aʻe, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ua nānā nui ʻo OGER i nā ʻano pono hana like ʻole a me nā ʻōhua ...

g. "ʻO ke kāʻei hamika kahi ʻano maʻalahi e hoʻokō. ʻO kēia kahi ʻāpana ʻehā i hana ʻia o ka bamboo. Ua kau ʻia ia ma luna o nā puʻu ʻelua, a e waiho ʻia ka ʻāpana siliki i loko. Hoʻopili ka poʻe i ka ʻāpana o ka siliki me nā kaula liʻiliʻi i kālai ʻia a puni ke ʻano ʻoi. Aia no ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻana, ua huki mua ʻia i ka pepa annamese, kahi ʻano o ka kukui a me ka pepa maikaʻi. Kau ke kau nei i ke kau ma luna o kahi ākea ʻoi, a palahalaha kahi ma luna o kahi ʻāpana polu o ka pepa palaoa a i ʻole ʻāpana ʻāpana. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka pulima peni, neʻe ke embroiderer i ke kumu hoʻohālike ma ka ʻāpana siliki. I ka ʻike maoli ʻana i ka moʻolelo e pili ana i ka mea pena hoʻomālamalama hua ʻana i nā kānaka-kuʻolima, ʻo mākou (ie ie Farani) e hui hou i kēlā me kēia hana e hiki ai i kekahi ke hana hou.

h. "ʻO ka hana a ka mea lawe maʻa e pono ai i nā hana a me ka moʻo a me ka dexterity ma mua o ke akamai. No ia kumu ua hoʻolauna pinepine ʻia kekahi i nā kāne ʻōpio, a wahine paha, a i nā manawa keiki e hana i ka hana. ʻO ka hana e hana ʻia e hana hou i ka hoʻolālā me nā ʻāpana like ʻole. Noho ke embroiderer ma mua o ke kaʻo, me ka wāwae o kona mau wāwae ma lalo. Mālama ʻo ia i ka pūpū pahū ma luna o ka ʻili o ka siliki a huki paʻa ʻana i ka kaula i ʻole e ʻoki ʻia. ʻO kēia ke kumu e mālama i ka bula a i kahi maikaʻi a mau loa. ʻO ka pono ma hope ona he kukui, ʻo ia ke hana i ke ao a me ka pō e hālāwai me nā kauoha he nui.
Aia kēia kukui i kahi ipu inika 2-keneta i piha me ka aila, aia ma ke kiko waena kahi wick. Hana ka mea humuhumu vietnamese ma lalo o kēia kukui ʻōniʻoniʻo loa a pilau. No kēlā kumu, maʻalahi ke ʻike ʻaʻole loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻelemakule e hana nei i mea humuhumu - ʻoiai e hoʻolimalima mau ʻia ka poʻe kahiko e hana i nā hana ʻē aʻe o ka poʻe vietnamese.

BAN TU THU
06 / 2020

KA MANAʻO:
◊ Kumu: Nā ʻenehana o ka poʻe Annamese e Henri Oger, 1908-1909. ʻO Kauka Nguyen Manh Hung, Ka noiʻi a me ka mea hoʻopili.
Sep Hoʻonani ʻia ka kiʻi hiʻohiʻona e Ban Tu Thu - ma kahi o ka mea