HA TIEN - Cochinchina

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MARCEL BERNANOISE¹

Hoohanauna kino a meʻe

     ʻO ke kūlanakauhale nui o ka mokuʻo o ka ʻO Hatien [Aia ʻo Hà Tiên] ma ke komo ʻana o ka puʻu pāpaku, ma ke Kaiʻula o Siam, ʻākau komohana o ke kahakai ʻo Cochin-China, a ʻo 6km mai kahi mamao ʻo Kūkūia. ʻO ka pā kahiko o Phao Dai [Pháo Đài], aneane 1km mamao (i kēia manawa i hoʻololi ʻia i loko o kahi hale) ka mea i noho luna e na koa Annamite a me na koa Farani. ʻO kekahi o nā wahi maikaʻi loa o ka moku, a me ka maʻalahi o nā komo a pau. I ke ala e hele ai i Kampot, 3,5O0km mai ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên], he pōhaku nui i kapa ʻia ʻo Bonnet a poil (kahi Busby). Ua ʻoki ʻia kahi grotto mai ka pōhaku, a ua hoʻohuli ʻia i hana i kahi pagoda, i kapa ʻia Kūʻai Chua [Chùa Hang], a i ʻole ʻO Tien Son Tu [Tiên Sơn Tự]. He mau nalo nei kēia grotto no ka mea pololei ma ke ala, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻike o ka hanohano i hāʻawi ʻia ma ke ʻano pono o ke kahuna maikaʻi. ʻEhā mau kilomita mai ke poʻo aliʻi, e kū pono ana i mua o Cambodia, ka pōhaku nui, ua kāhea ʻia Mui Nai [Mũi Nai], kiki ʻo kai i loko o ke kai. Ua kūkulu ʻia kahi mālamalama hale o ka inoa like loa i luna. ʻOiai ke kua o ka Mui Nai ʻO Mũi Nai] i hoʻohui ʻia i ke one ʻulaʻula, ua kūpono iki ia no ka mea e pili ana i ke kūlanakauhale nui, a ua aie i ke ʻano maikaʻi o ke ala e alakaʻi ai iā ia. E hele mai ana nā papa wai kokoke i ke kaona alii mai nā wai puna, nā poʻe o ʻO Hatien Loaʻa i kahi ʻaha ʻo Hà Tiên e noho ma laila, inā ʻaʻole i kiʻi ʻia ka wai hou e ka akamai o ke kanaka. Eia nō ia, ma ke kaona nui, he loko nui, i kapa ʻia ʻo loko Lotus [Ao Sen], ʻeli ʻia i 1715 e ka ʻO Mac Cuu [ʻO Mạc Cửu] aupuni, waiho ʻia ma ka wāwae o kahi puʻu. ʻO kēia loko, a i ʻole reservoir, he mea hoʻowahāwahā maikaʻi loa i ka mea hanohano China, ua hoʻopiha ʻia e nā ua a hiki mai a mai loko mai o nā puʻu, a me nā mea ponoi, i loko o ka makahiki āpau, ka wai inu wai pono no ka poʻe inhatitants. Ma ka ʻaoʻao o kēia kaona wai, he hale pule, a e mālama ʻia ana nā pēpē i ʻeono manawa i ka makahiki no ka hoʻonani ʻana i ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu a me ka mea i hana ma ka ʻāina, e hoʻohui pū ana i ka poʻe pono o ka moku. ʻO 5km mai ka pahu aliʻi, ma ke kūkulu hema, kahi ʻaoʻao o Honchong [Hòn Chong]. Loaʻa iā kēia moku kahi kahakai maikaʻi, nā mea nānā nani, a me nā loea, e like me ka mea nui o lākou, a pono no ke kipa aku. O ka Kau Tien [Kau Tiền] (ke kālā kālā), he inoa e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā hoʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo o ka Annamitcs, he puʻupuʻu ākea nui i wehe ʻia i ke kai, a ʻoki ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao o kahi mokupuni e pili ana i ke kahakai (25km mai ke kūlanakauhale nui ʻo Hatien [Hà Tiên]). Ua mālama mua kēia grotto i nei no ka moʻoʻōlelo o ke kupuna o ka noho aliʻi ʻana o ka Nguyen [Nguyễn], i ka Emepera ʻO Gialong [Gia Long], i ka wā i lilo wale ai ʻo ia i mōʻī kuhi hewa, he mahuka, i hānai ʻia e ka Nā Kūlana [Tây Sơn]. ʻO nā mea kahiko i ʻike ʻia i nā zinc kahiko i ʻike ʻia, no kēia aliʻi, nāna i hana iā lākou i kona mau koa, no laila ʻo ia ka inoa Kau Tien [Kau Tiền] (ala).

     ʻO ka pagoda me kahi inoa pālua "Kūʻai Chua”[Chùa Hang] a me"Hai Keiki Tu'ʻO Hải Sơn Tự] kahi grotto ʻē aʻe i ka mauna e kuʻe a puka i ka "slab" o ka ʻāina. I loko o loko o nā kiʻi ʻānō kahiko ʻelua o Bhudda. Paʻa ʻia, ua kūkulu ʻia lākou e nā Kemodiana, akā aia kekahi moʻomeheu e hoʻopiʻi nei i kēia hana i kekahi mōʻī Siamese, nāna i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka nani o ke kahua, i kekahi mau mau kenekulia ma mua.

     Ua lilo a nui loa ia me nā puʻupuʻu a me nā ʻāpana o nā holoholona hihiu, a ua lōʻihi loa i ka lōʻihi. Ma kahi o 12 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokuʻi ʻo kekahi kahuna kahiko Annamite Bhuddist mai kāna wahi kīwaka, a ua waiho i kona noho mau. Ke mālama ʻia nei ka pagoda e kekahi kahuna kahiko ʻo Annamite, ke alakaʻi nei i kahi lawelawe i ʻehā mau makahiki i ka makahiki, e huki ana i nā lawehala he nui. Mālama lākou iā Pepeluali, Malaki, ʻAukake a me Nowemapa. ʻO kēia grotto-pagoda, 5km, mai ka ʻelele o Honchong Hoʻopau [Hòn Chong] i ke kaʻa kaua a me ke kaʻa kaʻa no ka lua hapakolu o kona wahi. Aia kēia wahi i kahi puana nani loa ma kekahi kahakai nani o nā ʻāpana gula. Nā pōhaku Tvo, kāhea ʻia hon Phu Tu [hā Phu Tử] (makuakāne makua kāne) aia ka mea i loko o ke kai, e lawelawe i ka ʻāpana ma ka hikina, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke ʻano, me ke grotto, kahi wahi uʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no nā keiki ʻwi e pili ana i ke kālepa ʻana o ka Pae o Siam. Ma nā kapa o kēlā me kēia, 3km ma ke ala ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] i Honchong ʻO [Hòn Chong], ʻo ka Mo So grotto, e like me ka mea i hoʻohina ʻia ai ka kūhelu ʻo Along. Hōʻalo ʻia e nā nalu he mau kenekulia mau makahiki i hala aku, ma lalo o ka pā o ka inoa o ia inoa, he ʻekolu keʻena ākea me nā pā kolohe, a ʻoi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pā o kekahi o kēia mau keʻena, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maka e nānā i nā manawa mua. me ka hoha.

     ʻO nā keʻena, hoʻokahi mau haneli mau mika lōʻihi, ʻoki ʻia i loko o ke kuahiwi o ka mauna, i ʻano o kahi labyrinth, e koi ana i ka pākuʻi ikaika. ʻAʻole hiki ke komo i loko o kēia mau ala me ke kukui a me ke alakaʻi, inā makemake kekahi e pale ʻole. Hiki ke kipa me kahi pirogue liʻiliʻi (kalaka) ma ka ua nui, a me ka wāwae ma ka manawa maloʻo. Pau, ke kapakai o Bai Dau [Bãi Dâu], no laila ua kapa ʻia i nā lāʻau aʻa e ulu ana ma laila, ʻo kekahi o nā kahakai maikaʻi loa ma Cochin-China. 20 a 30 mau mika ka laulā ma waena o ke kai a me ka palena o ka nahele, 2km lōʻihi, me ke one maʻemaʻe loa a me ka melemele, ke alo ʻia nei i kahi panamona o nā nani ʻoluʻolu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mokupuni ʻulaʻula i pīpī ʻia ma luna o ke kai. Ma hope o ke kua, he hoʻokaʻawale o ka filaos mai ke kaʻa kaʻa e holo ana ma kona lōʻihi, ma ka wāwae o ke kaulahao ʻo nā kahe lāʻau ʻO Binh Tri [Bình Trị] ka mea e pae i ka kahakai maikaʻi i mua, a e hoʻohui pū i kahi mea maikaʻi o ka nani a kū i ka maluhia. Noho hou ʻia nā lawelawe pepeiao pepeiao ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] me Pnom Penh [Phôm Pênh] a ʻO Chaudoc [Châu Đốc]. Hiki i nā malihini ke hele pū ma ka wai mai Chaudoe a hiki i Hatien, a i ʻole kai ma ke kai ʻo Saigon-Bangkok e kū ana. Honchong [Hôn Chong], ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] a ʻO Phuquoc [Phú Quốc]. Hoʻopili ʻia nā alanui pepeiao o nā kaʻa a paʻa pono. ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] a pili pū me Kep, Kampot, ʻO Chaudoc [Châu Đốc], Takeo a Pnom Penh [Phôm Pênh] byroads, a ke hahai ia nei e hele kahi mea e e ka huina holo wāwae ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] i Saigon [Sài Gòn], a laila ma nā kūlanakauhale āpau o Cochin-China.

HANOLA ME KEIA

     ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ʻO Hatien He mauna ʻo [Hà Tiên] a piha i nā ululāʻau, a hiki ke hahai ʻia ka hopuʻi ma nā wahi āpau. Akā he nui loa ka pāʻani i nā environs or Honchong [Hòn Chong] a ʻO Duong Dong [Dương Đông] ((ʻO Phuquoc [Phu Quốc]). Stags, puʻu wīwī, fallow-deer, wild buffaloes, black monkeys, hares, tigers, panthers etc. hopohopo ʻia ma nā ululāʻau o ʻO Hatien [Hâ Tiên].

    ʻO ka ʻono ʻana a puni nā mokupuni, a me nā laina a me nā ʻupena nui. ʻO nā mokupuni e kūkulu ana i ka mokupuni o ʻO Binh Tri [Bình Trị] a me ka poʻe ma ʻO Phuquoc Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo [Phú Qu reputc] nā wahi lawaiʻa maikaʻi.

     Hoʻokahi wale nō ka bungalow e ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên], ma ka kaona chiet ma Phao Dai [Huiʻi Đài] (he ʻehā o nā lumi). ʻAʻohe hale hoʻomaha ma ka hale a i ʻole ka ʻelele. He paʻakikī nā mea e loaʻa ai ke hele ʻana. Ma laila ua ʻoluʻolu ʻia e lawe i nā ʻōhua anu i ka wā e hele ai nā huakaʻi. Hiki i kēia ke hana i ka lā hoʻokahi, a ma ka hoʻi ʻana aʻe, ua paʻa ka mea nāna i ka hoʻolilo a me ka mea ʻai i ka bungalow ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo chiet ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka ʻO Hatien [Hà Tiên] ʻo ia ka moku nui o ʻO Phuquoc [Phú Quốc], like me ka Martinique (Nā hecta 50.000), a kāhea ʻia kona kūlanakauhale chiet ʻO Duong Dong [Dương Đông], kahi wahi lawaiʻa koʻikoʻi, a kaulana hoʻi ma Indo-China a ʻo Siam hoʻi, no ka hana ʻana nuoc-mam [nước mắm]. ʻO Phuquoc [Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ʻo Phú Quốc] me ka hōʻike TSF ma ʻO Duong Dong [Dương Đông]. Loaʻa ʻia e ka mokuahi Maurice Long, akā ʻO Phuquoc [Phú Quốc] ʻaʻohe hale nui. Hiki nō ke hoʻolimalima ʻia kahi hale noho moku e nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi inā noi lākou i ka manawa maikaʻi i ka luna alakaʻi o ka mokuʻāina.

BAN TU THƯ
1 / 2020

KA MANAʻO:
1: ʻO Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Painter ma Valenciennes - ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Palani. Hōʻuluʻulu o ke ola a me kāu ʻoihana:
+ 1905-1920: Ke hana nei ma Indochina a ka luna ʻĀina i ke Kiaʻāina o Indochina;
+ 1910: Kumu ma Kula Hikina Loa o Palani;
+ 1913: Ka papa noi i nā ʻano kanaka maoli a me ka paʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻatikala kākau ʻōlelo;
+ 1920: Ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Palani a hoʻonohonoho i nā hōʻikeʻike kiʻi ma Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - nā kiʻi pena ʻāina e pili ana iā Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, a me kekahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo. mai ka Hikina Loa mai;
+ 1922: Ke paʻi nei i nā puke e pili ana i nā hana hoʻonaninani ma Tonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Lanakila i kahi makana nui ma ka Hōʻikeʻike Kolona ma Marseille, a hana pū me ka mea hoʻolālā o Pavillon de lʻIndochine e hana i kahi o nā mea i loko;
+ 1952: Hōʻailona i ka makahiki 68 a waiho i kahi nui o nā paʻi a me nā kiʻi;
+ 2017: Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna hale kiʻi kiʻi i kāna wā mamo.

E hoʻomaopopo ':
◊ puke “KAHIKI LA”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng Đức] Mea hoʻolaha, Hanoi, 2018.
'  wikipedia.org
◊ Nānā i nā hua ʻōlelo Vietnamese i hoʻopuni ʻia ma loko o nā māmele hōʻailona - hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Ban Tu Thu.

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