SA DEC - Cochinchina
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MARCEL BERNANOISE1
I. Pauku Hoonaauao
o Kaipo
Kauhale nui: Sadeka [Sa Đéc]. Ma kahi ʻē Saigon [Sài Gòn] 132km… ʻO ka panalāʻau o Sadeka [Sa éc] ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻākau e ka moku o ʻO Tanana [Tân An], ke kūlanakauhale nui a he 84km ka lōʻihi; ma ka Hikina ma ka aina a mytho [Mỹ Tho] (kahi mamao 60km) a ʻO Vinhlong [Vĩnh Long] (lōʻihi 12km); i ka Hema e ke kolu o Cantho [Cần Thơ] (kahi mamao (50km), a i ke Komohana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ʻO Longxuyen [Long Xuyên] (lōʻihi 25km). Aia kona wahi ma ka ʻāpana ʻāwīwī he 1.320 square square me ka ʻāina kanu o 89.000 hekahi. Ka lahui o ka moku o ka Sadeka Ua helu ʻia ʻo [Sa Đéc] i ka lā 31 Dekemabast 1924 a 205.515 mau kānaka noho, viz: 20 French, 199.204 Annamites, 2.695 Kina, 3.481 ʻO Minh Huong [Minh Hương], 115 Annamites o Tonkin a me Annam [He Nam]. Ke aniani o Sadeka [Sa Đéc] ua like nō ia me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāpana komohana ma Cochin-Kina.
II. Hoohanauna waiwai
Na aina o Sadeka Nui ka noho ʻana o [Sa Đéc] me ke kanu ʻana i ka laiki, i ka ʻalala, a me nā ʻohi, a me nā hua like ʻole. Sadeka Aia ʻo [Sa Đéc] he maikaʻi maikaʻi ma ka hana ʻana i ka laiki. ʻO nā moʻo ākea e noho ana ma nā palena o ʻO Vinhlong [Vĩnh Long], Cantho [Cần Thơ] a ʻO Longxuyen ʻO [Long Xuyên], a me ka ʻ calledpana i kapa ʻia ʻo "kai lawaiʻa", e uhi ana i kēia ʻāina, he mea hoʻololi wale ia i ka māla no ke kōkua o ka wahie e pau i kēia manawa. Hoʻomaka ka lawaiʻa ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka ʻūhā. Nui ka nui o nā iʻa i ke kai hele-moana-a ma kekahi mau wahi haʻahaʻa o ka ʻāina. Hoʻohana ʻia ka iʻa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka “mam” i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka ʻoluʻolu loa o ka meaʻai o nā ʻano. ʻO ka ʻoihana nui i loko o ka ʻina i nā helu āpau a me nā momi. ʻO nā kumu nui a me nā wahi kālepa: The city of Sadeka [Sa Đéc], Phu Huu [Phu Hữu], Phu Nhuan [Phu Nhuận], Koʻu Lōʻihi [Mỹ lōʻihi], Xuong [Mỹ Xương], Mai Lo [Mỹ Trà], Hoi An [Hội An], Lai Vung [Lai Vung], Long Hū [Long Hưng], Koʻu Hung [Mỹ An Hưng], Hoa An [Hoā An].
KA MANA O SADEC
ʻO ka wahi i waiho ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka rach Kaolanh [Cao Lãnh] a 25km ka ʻO Vinhlong [Vĩnh Long], ma waena o nā māla hoihoi i nā lau niu a me nā pāpaʻi. Sadeka He wahi waiwai nui loa ʻo [Sa Đéc], ke waiho maʻamau nei nā alanui, a no ke ʻano he mālama maʻamau ia ma nā ʻāpana o nā ʻĀina i hahai ma kēlā me kekahi. ʻO ia iho ʻo Mr. Sylvester, ka mea nānā, ka mea i haʻalele, ma kēlā me kēia mea, nā hōʻailona o kona neʻe ʻana i Cochin-China. Ia no ia nona ka kulanakauhale o Sadeka [Sa Đéc] aie i kāna kumu hana palapala mua a me nā mea hoʻohanohano ʻia. Ua kau ʻo ia i nā alanui pololei a me nā uapo ākea a ua huki ʻo ia i nā waʻa like ʻole o nā kiʻi hana i hana ʻia ma hope o nā waila i hana ʻia e hoʻopiha ai i nā loko lehulehu i nui e puni ana. Mai laila mai ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ala nui a me nā ala ākea, ua lawe nā hale piliki i nā wahi o nā lau kahiko o nā ʻōiwi, a he mau lā hao hao hou nā kahe i kēia lā nā lā. Sadeka [Sa Đéc], kahi e hui pū ai i nā kauhale like ʻole ke kaona, a me ke kikowaena ʻEulopa me nā mākeke a me nā Annamite ʻOiaʻiʻo, ua hāʻawi kēia ʻāpana komohana i kēia manawa a me ka manaʻo e leʻaleʻa kekahi mai ka piko o ka hale pule, kahi kokoke i kēia kūlanakauhale nui, ʻae ʻo ia ka inoa o "Garden of Cochin-China", i hāʻawi ʻia i kēia liʻiliʻi i uka. Aia nā ʻāpana ʻEulopa a me nā keʻena o nā lawelawe like ʻole i kahi mokupuni liʻiliʻi ma ka kahawai muliwai Sadeka [Sa Đéc], ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale i ʻelua ʻāpana, kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo "Passe-Nord" e komo pū ai i ka muliwai nui. Aia i ka neʻe ʻana i kona waha kahi wahi pae no ka poʻe nui o ka “Messageries Fluviales” e hana ana i ka lawelawe o ka laina komohana a me kēlā Pnom Penh [Pnôm Pênh]. Paʻi ʻia kēia ʻuʻu i kahi ala ākea a kanu ʻia i nā ʻano lāʻau like ʻole, nā lāʻau mangoe, kālai-kulala a ʻāpala ʻia i nā mea ʻala mai nā ululāʻau o ke kolone. I ka pau aʻe o ka mokupuni ua ʻike ʻia ka Luna ʻike, a me kona wahi e noho nei i ka hale o ka hale paʻahao, ka Post Office, nā hōʻuluʻulu hale a me nā pā o ka pūʻali koa. Ua liʻiliʻi iki ʻia ma ka lālani ke nānā aku i nā keʻena hoʻokolokolo a me ka hale o Custom-and Excise. Ke Keena Pūnaewele, ka ʻaha kānāwai no nā poʻe nūhou, ʻo ka Bungalow a me ke Keʻena o ka Subdivision o nā hana lehulehu. ʻO ka pā o nā kānaka maoli, e ʻōlelo ikaika ana, aia e kū kokoke ana i ke kūlanakauhale ʻEulopa ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka ʻO Rach Sadeka [Rạch Sa Đéc]. ʻO ka pā, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e kahi laina i hao ʻole ʻia e nā hale kūʻai China, ua ʻoki ʻia ʻo 2km ka lōʻihi. Palekana ia i ka luku e ka wai e nā paia granite. Aia ka papa kumu nui i ka palena ākea o ke kaona ma kahi ākea nui loa kahi kokoke i ka ʻĀkopa ʻo Annamite Sporting Club. Ma kahi kokoke i nā kālepa a me nā mea hana a pau i nā lima o ka poʻe Kina a me kekahi o nā Hindus. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau mea lime Annamite, nā mea nānā, a me nā mea hana nui e hea ʻia Ly Ngoc Keiki [Lý Ngọc Sơn], i kapa ʻia ʻo Vinh, i ʻike ʻia e kāna mea kaulana kaulana a me nā hana enlaid enamel.e like me ke gula ma ke kala). Loaʻa iā ia ka mekala gula ma ka hōʻike ʻana o Hanoi [Hā Nội].
KA MONOʻIʻI A LION ARʻAOLOLIʻI
I ka moku o Sadeka [Sa Đéc] ʻaʻohe mau loiloi maoli a me nā kūpuna lāʻau kuʻuna; ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o kēia ma ka ʻaoʻao o Cochin-China. Ka Pagoda o ʻO Nha Man [Nha Mân], kahi mamao loa mile ma kahi nui o ke kūlanakauhale, no laila ua kūpono ke inoa ʻia. E ʻōlelo hoʻi mākou i ka hale kupapaʻu a ke aliʻi Gia Long Hoʻopau [Gia Long] i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Mandarin ʻO Nguyen Van Nhon [ʻO Nguyễn Văn Nhơn] i hahai pololei me ia i nā pōʻino, a ua hoʻopiʻi i ka hopena ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o kona noho aliʻi. ʻO ka Emepera Nui, i mea e uku ai iā ia no kāna mau lawelawe, i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia i ka inoa o marshal (Kuan Cong [Kuan Công]). Ua kūkulu ʻia kēia ʻālala ma ka ʻāina o ke kauhale ʻO Tan Dong [Tân Đông] ma ka moku o Ma kahi Hah Ha [He Thanh Hạ], kahi iʻike mua ia i ka marshal i ʻōlelo ʻia i kona hoʻonani ʻia ʻana.
BAN TU THƯ
12 / 2019
KA MANAʻO:
1: ʻO Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Painter ma Valenciennes - ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Palani. Hōʻuluʻulu o ke ola a me kāu ʻoihana:
+ 1905-1920: Ke hana nei ma Indochina a ka luna ʻĀina i ke Kiaʻāina o Indochina;
+ 1910: Kumu ma Kula Hikina Loa o Palani;
+ 1913: Ka papa noi i nā ʻano kanaka maoli a me ka paʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻatikala kākau ʻōlelo;
+ 1920: Ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Palani a hoʻonohonoho i nā hōʻikeʻike kiʻi ma Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - nā kiʻi pena ʻāina e pili ana iā Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, a me kekahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo. mai ka Hikina Loa mai;
+ 1922: Ke paʻi nei i nā puke e pili ana i nā hana hoʻonaninani ma Tonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Lanakila i kahi makana nui ma ka Hōʻikeʻike Kolona ma Marseille, a hana pū me ka mea hoʻolālā o Pavillon de lʻIndochine e hana i kahi o nā mea i loko;
+ 1952: Hōʻailona i ka makahiki 68 a waiho i kahi nui o nā paʻi a me nā kiʻi;
+ 2017: Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna hale kiʻi kiʻi i kāna wā mamo.
E hoʻomaopopo ':
◊ puke “KAHIKI LA”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng Đức] Mea hoʻolaha, Hanoi, 2018.
' wikipedia.org
◊ Nānā i nā hua ʻōlelo Vietnamese i hoʻopuni ʻia ma loko o nā māmele hōʻailona - hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Ban Tu Thu.
NĀ MANAʻO:
' CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Mahele 1
' CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Mahele 2
' SAIGON - La Cochinchine
' ʻO GIA DINH - La Cochinchine
' BIEN HOA - La Cochinchine
' THU DAU MOT - La Cochinchine
' KAU THO - La Cochinchine
' TAN AN - La Cochinchine
' COCHINCHINA