TAN AN - ʻO Cochinchina
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MARCEL BERNANOISE1
I. Palapala honua
HOLOHE KOLOHE
ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻākau e ka ʻāina ʻo ʻO Tayninh [Tây Ninh], o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] a me ke aupuni o Kambila, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e nā panalāʻau o Sadeka [Sa Đéc], mytho [Mỹ Tho] a ʻO Gocong [Gò Công], ma ka hikina ma nā panalāʻau o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] a ʻO Gocong [Gò Công], a ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana e ke aupuni ʻoambulea a me nā ʻāpana o ʻO Chaudoc [Châu Đốc] a Xuyen lōʻihi [Long Xuyên].
O kahi papa holoʻokoʻa a he 380.000 hekahi, ʻo 80.000 hekahi wale nō ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻāina ka waiwai, kanu ʻia me ka laiki. ʻO ke koena, e pili ana iā 300.000 he hetar, he basahi nui ka palena i nā palena o Kambodila, ma lalo o ka wai i kekahi mau mahina o ka makahiki. ʻO kēia nā nāhelehele o Jones kahi i hiki ʻole ai i kahi ulu koʻikoʻi i hiki i kēia manawa. ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ʻO Tanana Ua mamao loa ʻo [Tân An] mai kona hoʻomohala piha ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa wale ʻia inā nā hana hydraulic nui loa, e pono ai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a me ke ʻano kumu kolo o ka pāpū o Jones.
Nā ʻUTlelo
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o nā alanui ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a me ke alanui e pili ana i nā alaloa:
1. ^ E Ha yM. Ko ke ala kolona No. 16 mai Saigon [Sài Gòn] i mytho [Mỹ Tho];
2. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala kūloko No. 21 mai ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a ʻO Gocong [Gò Công] ma Laika La [Rạch Lá];
3. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala kūloko No. 22 mai ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a mytho [Mỹ Tho];
4. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala kūloko No. 23 mai ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a mytho [Mỹ Tho];
5. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala ʻōiwi No. 5 e holo ana mai ke ala kolone a hiki i ka pae helu 15 ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a Nhut Tao [Kahi alanui Nhựt Tảo];
6. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala waena No. 6 mai Kau Hou [Thủ Thừa] i ke kahua o ʻO Binh Anh [Bình Anh];
7. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala waena No. 8 mai ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a ʻO Longh Phu Long [Thanh Phú Long] ma Ky Keiki [Kỳ Sơn] a ʻO Binh Phuoc [Bình Phước];
8. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala ʻōiwi No. 9 ka mea e komo ai i ke ala kai ma ka mākeke o Kau Hou [Thủ Thừa];
9. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala waena No. 14 e holo ana mai ke ala āina No. 21 ma Gocong e ka ferry ma Chogao [Chợ Gạo];
10. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke ala waena No. 15 mai ʻO Tanana [Tân An] a Nhut Tao [Nhựt Tảo].
II. Hoikehonua Paʻa
HOLEHUOLELO ALOHA
ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ʻO Tanana Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Tân An i 10 mau cantons, kahi 64 mau kauā kai a hoʻokumu ʻia he 4 mau apana hoʻomalu, kēlā me kēia kaʻi o ka luna kanāwi maoli me ke kūlana o ka. Phu [Phủ], a i ʻole ʻO Huyen [Huyện], ʻo ia:
1. ^ E Ha yM. Apana o ke kulanakauhale nui;
2. ^ E Ha yM. Apana o ʻO Binh Phuoc [Bình Phước];
3. ^ E Ha yM. Apana o Kau Hou [Thủ Thừa];
4. ^ E Ha yM. Apana o Moc Hoa [Mộc Hoá].
KINA LOA
1. TANAN [Ma An]; Aia ke kauhale, kahi i ka ʻāina o ke kaiāulu o ʻO Binh Lap [Bình Lập]; ka mea, he kikowaena kālepa koʻikoʻi i kapa ʻia ʻO Vung Gu [Vũng Gụ], akā nalowale ka waiwai nui mai ka waʻa o nā moku kalepa a me nā hōʻola i hoʻōki ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kahawai wai nui a hoʻoneʻe i kā lākou kalepa ma nā kahawai Duperre a me nā kahawai kūloko i kona holo ʻana mai ke komohana a Saigon 47 km mai Saigon [Sài Gòn], he lawelawe ia o nā kaʻa e nā Saigon [Sài Gòn] - mytho [Mỹ Tho] laina, a me nā lako kaʻa kaʻa ʻē aʻe mai Saigon [Sài Gòn] i mytho [Mỹ Tho] a mai Saigon [Sài Gòn] i nā ʻāina lehulehu ma ke komohana. Aia nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole: ka waihona kālā, pourewa a me ke telegraph, nā hana ākea, nā hana a me nā mea aʻoaʻo. Ma ke kula ʻoi loa ka hana ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, he kula no nā kaikamahine ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, a me ka halekele ʻoiʻi, aia ka papa hana maikaʻi loa. E koho ʻia kekahi Lanakila o ka pūlima ma kahi koke ʻole;
2. Ky Keiki [Kỳ Sơn] (kauhale o Binh Quoi [Bình Quới]) 6 km mai ke poʻo aliʻi, he mākeke kūpono nui (ma ke alahele holo aoao 8);
3. Kau Hou [Thủ Thừa] (Village of Binh Phong Thang [Bình Phong Thắng]) He 7 km mai ke poʻo alii, he ʻelele ʻoihana no ka kula, he kula haʻo, he mākeke koʻikoʻi ma Kau Hou [Thủ Thừa] kaiawai, a he wai koʻikoʻi no nā moku kai a me nā ala;
4. Nhut Tao [Nhựt Tảo] (kauhale o An Nhut Tan [Nhựt Tân]) 15 km mai ke poʻo aliʻi, he kūʻai;
5. ʻO Binh Phuoc (kauhale o Phuoc Tan Hung [Tân Hưng]) 15 km mai ke poʻo nui, nā wahi ulu o kahi ʻaha alakaʻi, ka mākeke, ka hale telele a me ke keʻena telegraph, home maternity;
6. ʻO Tam Vu (kauhale o Duong Xuan Hoi) 12 km mai ka mākeke-nui ʻo ke kūlanakauhale;
7. Quan piula wai (ke ʻano o ka home ʻo Tan Tru [Tân Trụ]) Mākoi 18 km.
PALAPALA
Ka nui o ka heluna o ka aina, a huina paha o 120.000, penei; 60 ʻEulopa, 118.500 Annamites, 450 ʻO Minh Huong [Minh Hương], 700 Kino, 250 Kamupene a me 20 mau Pūkana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
III. ʻO ka'āina makana
NA NUI
ʻO ka mokuʻāina o ʻO Tanana [Tân An], aia ma waena o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] a mytho [Mỹ Tho], ʻaʻohe hoihoi o nā mea mākaʻikaʻi. He wahi ʻike nani ʻole. Ma waena o nā mōʻaukala hai i ʻōlelo ʻia:
1. ^ E Ha yM. I ke kulanakauhale o Khanh Hau [Khánh Hậu] (canton o Hung Long [Hưng Long]) kokoke i ke ala kolone No. 16, ka hale kupapaʻu o Tien quan Nguyen-Huynh-Duc [Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức], Iona Gia Long Ua kōkua ʻo Gia Long i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka waihona kanaka Nguyen [Nguyễn]. ʻO kekahi mau mea e pili ana i kēia Mandarin nui i ka pagoda kokoke i ka hale kupapaʻu;
2. ^ E Ha yM. I ke kulanakauhale o Binh Lang (canton a An Ninh Ha [An Ninh Hạ]) ka hale kupapaʻu o Ong-Hong, waiwai nui ʻo Annamite, nāna e hoʻouna aku i nā ʻōpala nui i piha i ka paina i ke kahua o ka Hue [Huế], maikaʻi loa i hiki mai i ke kōkua o ka poʻe pololi o ka waena Annam [He Nam]. ʻO ka emepera ʻO Minh-Mang Ua hāʻawi ʻia [Minh Mạng] iā ia ke poʻo o Tho-dan. Hoʻokomo ʻia kēia hale kupapaʻu ma ka muliwai o ia inoa like, e hui pū ana i nā Vaicos ʻelua, iho i lalo ʻO Tanana [Tân An];
3. Eia Nhut Tho [ʻAʻole Thọ], ma ka hikina Vaik, i lalo iho i ke alahaka o ʻO Ben Luc ʻO [Bến Lức], kahi monikiki liʻiliʻi, i hoʻāi ʻia i ka hoʻomanaʻo o ka "doi" a me kekahi mau mea i luku ʻia e nā mea kakano o ke aupuni Annamite, ma ka hoʻomaka o ka noho ʻana o ko Farani.
NA WANANA O KAHANA
ʻO ka kūlanakauhale o ʻO Tanana [Tân An] lawelawe ʻia e ka Saigon [Sài Gòn] - mytho [Mỹ Tho] laina laina me nā kaʻa holo holo ʻelima mau manawa i kahi lā.ma laila a i hope); e kekahi mau huina nui o na kaa kaʻa holo kaʻa, e hoʻohana ana i ke ala kolone, me ka ʻoihana lawelawe i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā, e holo pū ana me ke kaʻa no ka pono o nā mākaʻikaʻi. E kipa aku i ka hale kupapaʻu o Marshal Nguyen-Huynh-Duc [Nguyễn Huỳnh Đức], hiki i kahi kaʻa ke hele pololei mai ke kaʻa kaʻa Saigon [Sài Gòn] i ke kamaʻāina o Khanh Hau [Khánh Hậu], a hiki i kekahi ke hele i ke kaʻaahi ʻO Tanana ʻO [Tân An], a he "pousse-pousse" a i ʻole he "tilbury" e uhi ai i ka 3 km e hoʻokaʻawale ana i ka pahu mai ka pahu. E kipa aku Nhut Tao [Nhựt Tảo], pono e lawe i ka mea kiʻi ʻO Ben Luc [Bến Lức], iho i ka Vaico hikina, a i hele pololei paha ma ka wai i kēia mākeke, mai Saigon [Sài Gòn] a mai Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Mai Nhut Tao Nhut Tao [Nhựt Tảo], maʻalahi ke kiʻi e ka sampan i ka hale kupapaʻu o Ong-Hong, ma ka wai o kēlā inoa like, ka mea e kahe ana i ka Vaico ʻaʻole mamao loa mai kēia kikowaena.
Hotels
ʻAʻohe hōkele ma loko ʻO Tanana [Tân He] pili i nā kaona nui o Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] a mytho [Mỹ Tho]. Akā hiki i ka hoʻokele ke hāʻawi aku i nā mea huakaʻi i ʻEulopa ʻelua mau keʻena o ka hale hoʻokipa, ʻaʻohe manuahi, akā ʻaʻohe meaʻai ʻole. ʻAʻohe hale nui, ʻaʻohe hoʻi o nā lumi ma ka ʻaha. Nā Kūmole (mālama, waina, ʻai, ʻai) e kūʻai ʻia aku i ka mākeke o ʻO Tanana [Tân An], ma kekahi hale kūʻai.
KAHIKI ALOHA
No ka mea, ʻo nā haole a me ʻEulopa ma nā awāwa ʻo Jones ka loiloi o nā kolana nui, akā no ka mea kanu i ka wā i hiki mai ai nā loina, ʻo ka hana hoʻi i loaʻa mai ka mea e loaʻa mai ai nā loiloi mai ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Ua komo pū ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ʻāina i ka holo ʻana, a aia kahi hui koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka ʻū a me nā ʻeke piha. Kūkulu maikaʻi nā mea kanu kākula i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei i kekahi mau kauhale o ka canton o Cuu Cu Thuong [Cửu Cụ thượng], aemaise i ʻOhoi Loi [Thạnh Lợi], Binh Hoa [Bình Hoà], Ma Wanh Dong [Mỹ Thạnh Đông] a ʻO Qui [Mỹ Quý], kahi a pau ma ka hikina ʻo Vaico, ma kahi he 20 he mau papa ʻaila maoli kō.
BAN TU THU
12 / 2019
KA MANAʻO:
1: ʻO Marcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Painter ma Valenciennes - ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Palani. Hōʻuluʻulu o ke ola a me kāu ʻoihana:
+ 1905-1920: Ke hana nei ma Indochina a ka luna ʻĀina i ke Kiaʻāina o Indochina;
+ 1910: Kumu ma Kula Hikina Loa o Palani;
+ 1913: Ka papa noi i nā ʻano kanaka maoli a me ka paʻi ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻatikala kākau ʻōlelo;
+ 1920: Ua hoʻi ʻo ia i Palani a hoʻonohonoho i nā hōʻikeʻike kiʻi ma Nancy (1928), Paris (1929) - nā kiʻi pena ʻāina e pili ana iā Lorraine, Pyrenees, Paris, Midi, Villefranche-sur-mer, Saint-Tropez, Ytalia, a me kekahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo. mai ka Hikina Loa mai;
+ 1922: Ke paʻi nei i nā puke e pili ana i nā hana hoʻonaninani ma Tonkin, Indochina;
+ 1925: Lanakila i kahi makana nui ma ka Hōʻikeʻike Kolona ma Marseille, a hana pū me ka mea hoʻolālā o Pavillon de lʻIndochine e hana i kahi o nā mea i loko;
+ 1952: Hōʻailona i ka makahiki 68 a waiho i kahi nui o nā paʻi a me nā kiʻi;
+ 2017: Hoʻokomo ʻia kāna hale kiʻi kiʻi i kāna wā mamo.
E hoʻomaopopo ':
◊ puke “KAHIKI LA”- Marcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [Hồng Đức] Mea hoʻolaha, Hanoi, 2018.
' wikipedia.org
◊ Nānā i nā hua ʻōlelo Vietnamese i hoʻopuni ʻia ma loko o nā māmele hōʻailona - hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Ban Tu Thu.
NĀ MANAʻO:
' CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Mahele 1
' CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Mahele 2
' SAIGON - La Cochinchine
' ʻO GIA DINH - La Cochinchine
' BIEN HOA - La Cochinchine
' THU DAU MOT - La Cochinchine
' KAU THO - La Cochinchine
' COCHINCHINA