ʻO ka MNONG Community o 54 mau pūʻulu moʻokalaka ma Vietnam

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   ʻO ka MNONG ka nui o ka noho ʻana he 104,312. ʻO kā lākou mau hui kūloko Preh, Gar, Nong, Prang Rlam, Kuyenh, a ʻO Chil. ^ E Ha yM. Noho lākou i ka neʻe ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu hema o ʻO Kūʻai ʻo Dak Lak¹, a me na mahele o Lam Dong² a Nā Kūlana Binh Phuoc³. ^ E Ha yM. No kā ka ʻōlelo a lākou Pūpulu Mon-Khmer⁴.

Hoʻokumu nui lākou i nā milpas. Loaʻa nā kula pāpū i nā wahi kokoke i nā kahe, nā loko a me nā ʻona pona. ʻO nā holoholona home nā poʻokela, nā kao, nā puaʻa, a me nā mea kanu manu. I ka wā ma mua, ua hālama lākou i nā elepani. Ka MNONG i Ban Don⁵ kaulana no ka ʻimi manu a me ka hana ʻili. ʻO kā lākou mau mea hana ʻohana e komo i ka ulana lole a me nā hīmeni i alakaʻi ʻia e nā wahine a me nā kāne.

   Noho lākou ma nā hale ma luna o nā papa. ʻO ko lākou mau hale i kūkulu ʻia ma ka ʻāina, ua pā i nā hale i lalo a kokoke i ka lepo.

   He ʻumi mau hale o kēlā me kēia kauā. ʻO ke alakaʻi kaiāulu kekahi mea nui i ke ola kaiāulu. Loaʻa nā mea āpau i nā ʻike a me nā hana maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia e nā hanauna mua. ʻO nā kāne a me nā wahine, nā ʻōpio a me nā ʻelemakule, e like me ka inu ʻawaʻawa a i ka uahi ʻana i ka tapa. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine nā kāne i ka lole o ka loincloth a waiho i ko lākou kino i luna ʻole. Wehe nā wahine i ka lungis i hāʻule i ko lākou mau wāwae. Makemake nā kāne ʻōpio a me nā wahine i nā pāpale like pullover. ʻO ka loincloths, lungis a me nā ʻahuʻula i hoʻohuihui ʻia i loko o ka indigoʻeleʻele a me ka decoratec me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo. Hana ʻia ʻo Matriarchy a lawe nā keiki i ka ʻohana o ko lākou makuahine. I ka ʻohana, paʻa ka wahine i ke kūlana nui akā mālama mau i kāna kāne. Noho ka makua makua a me ko lākou kaikamahine ʻōpiopio.

   Wahi a nā hana kahiko, ua faila ʻo MNONG makua i nā niho r ma mua o ke kamaʻilio ʻana no ke aloha a me ka male. Pau kēia hana i kēia manawa. Hele ka male ma o ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu - prooosal, pili a me ka male ʻana. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, noho ka kāne kāne i ka ʻohana o kāna wahine. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka wahine ʻōpio ke noho pū me ke kāne a i ʻole ka ʻohana a ka wahine e like me ka ʻae o nā ʻohana ʻelua.

   Makemake ka MNONG e loaʻa i nā keiki he nui, he mau kaikamahine. ʻO hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, hāʻawi ʻia ke pēpē che che inoa maoli. I nā hale leʻaleʻa, hīmeni nā kānaka a kākā i nā pahu a me nā pahu i ka pahu lā a me ka pō. Ma hope o ka waiho ʻana i ka lua i ka lua kupapaʻu, uhi lākou iā ia i nā mea kanu, nā kumulāʻau lāʻau a me nā lau ma mua o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka lepo. Ma hope o ʻehiku mau lā a i hoʻokahi mahina, mālama ka ʻohana i kahi hui hui ke hele me ke kanikau.

   He manaʻo ka MNONG i ke ola o nā ʻano he nui i waena o lākou, ka Ke Akua Mana paʻa kahi kuleana kūikawā. Me ka mahiʻai ʻana, hoʻonohonoho lākou i nā hana kūloko makahiki e pale aku ai i ka Ke Akua Mana a e pule no kahi oki keaka.

NĀ MANAʻO:
'  Ke kaiāulu o 54 GROUPS ETHNIC ma Vietnam - Paukū 1.
'  ʻO Ka Pūnaewele BA NA o nā hui 54 Heʻāina ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka Bo Y Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā BRAU Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  Ka Pūnaewele Kaiaulu BRU-VAN KIEU o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHO RO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CO HO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu moʻokalaleo ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO CONG Community o nā hui 54 heʻāina ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHUT Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka CHU RU Community o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO kā CHAM Community o nā hui 54 heʻohana ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ka DAO Community o 54 mau pūʻulu hui ma Vietnam.
'  ʻO ke kaiāulu o GIAY o 54 mau pūʻulu kānaka ma Vietnam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo): CONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam - Phan 1.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BA NA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi bo Y trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi ma RO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi CONG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi DAO trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi GIAY trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi GIA RAI trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi HOA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi KHANG trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em O Viet Nam.
Version mana Vietnamese (ʻoe-VersiGoo) me ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ((Pūnaewele)Pūnaewele-Pūnaewele):  Nguoi KHMER trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ etc.

BAN TU THU
08 / 2020

noka:
¹ :… Ke hōʻano hou nei…

KA MANAʻO:
◊ Puna & Kiʻi:  54 Hui Pūʻulu ʻē ma Vietnam, Thong Tan Publisher, 2008.
Ban Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo Ban Tu Thu e nā leka uila a me nā ʻaoʻao mele a pau. ma kahi o ka mea